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1 \u5f15\u8a00<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u67f1\u7840\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5f62\u5236\u7279\u5f81\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u4ea6\u5448\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u66f4\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5728\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u770b\u4f3c\u201c\u7ec6\u679d\u672b\u8282\u201d\u7684\u6784\u4ef6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\u67f1\u7840\u5982\u4f55\u53c2\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2 \u67f1\u7840\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u636e\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u00b7\u5377\u4e09\u300b\uff0c\u201c\u67f1\u7840\u5176\u540d\u6709\u516d\uff0c\u4e00\u66f0\u7840\uff0c\u4e8c\u66f0\u6acd\uff0c\u4e09\u66f0\u78f6\uff0c\u56db\u66f0\u78cc\uff0c\u4e94\u66f0\u78e9\uff0c\u516d\u66f0\u78c9\uff0c\u4eca\u8c13\u4e4b\u77f3\u7887\u3002\u201d\u53ef\u89c1\u67f1\u7840\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u7269\u591a\u540d\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u79f0\u547c\u5404\u6709\u5f02\u540c\u3002\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u798f\u5efa\uff0c\u6587\u732e\u548c\u7530\u91ce\u4e2d\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u201c\u7840\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7929\u201d\u3001\u201c\u78c9\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7843\uff08\u73e0\uff09\u201d\u3001\u201c\u780b\uff08\u5740\uff09\u201d\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u79f0\u547c\u6216\u4e66\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u56fe1\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u5f80\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u201c\u67f1\u7840\u201d\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u79f0\u8c13[3]<\/mark><\/sup>\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u6cbf\u7528\u4e4b\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u77f3\u5236\u6784\u4ef6\u4e0a\u627f\u67f1\u800c\u4e0b\u538b\u5730\u5373\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u67f1\u7840\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u5176\u4e0e\u573a\u5730\u57fa\u9762\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u67f1\u7840\u4e0e\u67f1\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u677f\u72b6\u5706\u76d8\u201d\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6acd\u201d[1]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u81f3\u660e\u6e05\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u5730\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5730\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u6784\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u56fa\u5b9a\u548c\u660e\u786e\u7684\u79f0\u8c13\u3002\u59da\u627f\u7956\u7684\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u539f\u300b\u548c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5148\u751f\u7684\u300a\u6e05\u5f0f\u8425\u9020\u5219\u4f8b\u300b\u90fd\u5c06\u4e0a\u90e8\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u67f1\u7840\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u67f1\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f62\u57ab\u77f3\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u78c9\u201d\u6216\u201c\u78c9\u58a9\u201d[4]39<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u6cbf\u7528\u660e\u6e05\u4ee5\u6765\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67f1\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u8003\u8651\u517c\u987e\u65e9\u671f\u67f1\u7840\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4e0b\u6587\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528\u79f0\u8c13\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u6574\u77f3\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7840\u201d\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5206\u79bb\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u79f0\u5730\u9762\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e3a\u201c\u7840\u201d\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u201c\u78c9\u201d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4ec5\u6709\u5730\u9762\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\uff09\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e8e\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3001\u67f1\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6acd\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7929\u201d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe1 \u798f\u5efa\u6587\u732e\u548c\u7530\u91ce\u4e2d\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u7684\u67f1\u7840\u540d\u79f0\uff1aa \u7840\uff1bb \u7929\u3001\u78c9\uff1bc \u7843\uff1bd \u73e0\uff1be \u780b\uff1bf \u5740<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3 \u798f\u5efa\u65e9\u671f\u67f1\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6750\u8d28<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

3.1 \u65e0\u67f1\u7840<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u5728\u798f\u5efa\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6709\u67f1\u7840\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u95fd\u5357\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u65e0\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4ec5\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u5317\u5b8b\u81f3\u5357\u5b8b\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5747\u4e3a\u77f3\u6784\u77f3\u67f1[5]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u800c\u5728\u798f\u5efa\u4e2d\u90e8\u7684\u6234\u4e91\u5c71\u8109\u5230\u6b66\u5937\u5c71\u8109\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5c71\u533a\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u95fd\u4e1c\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u660e\u6e05\u65f6\u671f\u4ecd\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u65bd\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5e99\u5b87\u3001\u7960\u5802\u3001\u6c11\u5c45\u7b49\u5404\u7c7b\u5efa\u7b51\uff08\u56fe2\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u798f\u5efa\u76f8\u5f53\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5730\u57df\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6cbf\u88ad\u53e4\u5236\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6781\u5f3a\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6c14\u5019\u591a\u96e8\u6f6e\u6e7f\u7684\u798f\u5efa\uff0c\u65e0\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3001\u957f\u671f\u5730\u88ab\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u65e2\u5f80\u4eba\u4eec\u4ece\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\u201d\u51fa\u53d1\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u2014\u2014\u5373\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u9632\u6f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5728\u66f4\u6f6e\u6e7f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u67f1\u7840\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u9ad8[2]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u98ce\u571f\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u6210\u56e0\u548c\u6f14\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u800c\u4e14\u590d\u6742\u7684\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\u9700\u8d85\u8d8a\u5355\u4e00\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0e\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe2 \u4e0d\u7528\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u5c4f\u5357\u6f08\u4e0b\u9f99\u6f08\u4ed9\u5bab\uff08\u660e\u9686\u5e86\u4e09\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u5927\u7530\u5723\u6cc9\u5ca9\uff08\u6e05\u5eb7\u7199\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff09\uff1bc \u653f\u548c\u5b9a\u98ce\u5bfa\u4e09\u5b9d\u6bbf\uff08\u6e05\u4e7e\u9686\u4e94\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\uff09\uff1bd \u987a\u660c\u5c90\u5934\u901a\u5929\u5927\u5723\u4ead\uff08\u660e\uff09\uff1be \u6d66\u57ce\u9648\u6e90\u662d\u536b\u7075\u4faf\u5e99\uff08\u6e05\u540c\u6cbb\u4e09\u5e74\uff09\uff1bf \u5927\u7530\u4e1c\u5751\u90d1\u6c0f\u7956\u7960\uff08\u660e\u6210\u5316\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff09\uff1bg \u5c24\u6eaa\u576a\u5be8\u8427\u6c0f\u7956\u539d\uff08\u6e05\u5149\u7eea\uff09\uff1bh \u4e09\u660e\u9f99\u5b89\u6c11\u5c45\uff08\u6e05\uff09\uff1bi \u5fb7\u5316\u6c11\u5c45\uff08\u6e05\uff09\uff1bj \u5b81\u5fb7\u6843\u82b1\u6eaa\u6751\u6c11\u5c45\uff08\u660e\u672b\u6e05\u521d\uff09\uff1bk \u6d66\u57ce\u4e0a\u540c\u8a79\u5bb6\u5927\u9662\uff08\u6e05\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3.2 \u6728\u7840<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6728\u7840\u4e5f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53e4\u5236\u3002\u300a\u8bf4\u6587\u89e3\u5b57\u00b7\u6728\u90e8\u300b\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u69b0\uff0c\u67f1\u7825\u4e5f\u3002\u53e4\u7528\u6728\uff0c\u4eca\u4ee5\u77f3\u3002\u201d\u9648\u4ece\u5468\u4ea6\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u81f3\u4e8e\u540e\u4e16\u6613\u6728\u4e3a\u77f3\uff0c \u56e0\u77f3\u66f4\u4e0d\u6613\u8150\u70c2\u201d[2]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u798f\u5efa\u7684\u6728\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u4ec5\u53ef\u96f6\u661f\u89c1\u5230\uff0c\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e00\u822c\u8f83\u65e9\uff0c\u5728\u95fd\u4e1c\u6700\u665a\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u660e\u672b\uff08\u56fe3\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u95fd\u5317\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u5219\u5ef6\u7528\u81f3\u6e05\u4ee3\uff08\u56fe4\uff09<\/sub><\/mark>\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u95fd\u5317\u660e\u6e05\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u8fd8\u53ef\u89c1\u5230\u6728\u6acd\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u5b58\u53e4\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5730\u57df\u505a\u6cd5\uff08\u56fe5\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6728\u7840\uff08\u6728\u6acd\uff09\u4e00\u65e6\u7cdf\u673d\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u66f4\u6362\uff0c\u662f\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u5de7\u601d[1][2]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u4ece\u5b9e\u7269\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u6728\u6784\u642d\u914d\u665a\u671f\u67f1\u7840\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u77f3\u7840\uff09\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u62bd\u6362\u67f1\u7840\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u904d\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe3 \u95fd\u4faf\u6c60\u5751\u6c60\u6c0f\u5b97\u7960\uff08\u660e\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe4 \u95fd\u5317\u6728\u7840\uff1aa \u90b5\u6b66\u4e0b\u57ce\u5e99\uff08\u6e05\u5eb7\u7199\uff09\uff1bb \u6b66\u5937\u5c71\u6c11\u5c45\uff08\u6e05\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe5 \u95fd\u5317\u6728\u6acd\uff1aa \u5149\u6cfd\u5d07\u4ec1\u6c11\u5c45\uff08\u6e05\uff09\uff1bb \u5149\u6cfd\u5d07\u4ec1\u6c11\u5c45\uff08\u6e05\uff09\uff1bc \u6cf0\u5b81\u5c1a\u4e66\u7b2c\uff08\u660e\u5929\u542f\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3.3 \u77f3\u7840<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u5efa\u7b51\u666e\u904d\u91c7\u7528\u77f3\u7840\uff0c\u201c\u56e0\u77f3\u8d28\u65e2\u53ef\u9632\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e14\u9ad8\u51fa\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u514d\u67f1\u811a\u8150\u8680\u6216\u78b0\u635f\u4e4b\u865e\u201d[1]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u798f\u5efa\u4ea6\u7136\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u6240\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u67f1\u7840\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e3a\u77f3\u8d28\u3002\u798f\u5efa\u7684\u77f3\u7840\u6750\u6599\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u82b1\u5c97\u5ca9\u3001\u9752\u77f3\uff08\u8f89\u7eff\u5ca9\uff09\u3001\u7802\u5ca9\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9752\u77f3\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u3001\u8d28\u5730\u6700\u7ec6\u817b\uff0c\u6700\u9002\u5b9c\u7cbe\u96d5\u7ec6\u523b\uff1b\u82b1\u5c97\u5ca9\u6b21\u4e4b\uff1b\u7802\u5ca9\u8d28\u5730\u677e\u6563\uff0c\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9752\u77f3\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u521d\u5efa\u65f6\u7684\u539f\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u77f3\u7840\u8f83\u6728\u6784\u66f4\u4e3a\u8010\u4e45\uff0c\u5f53\u6728\u6784\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u91cd\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u77f3\u7840\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u590d\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u76f4\u5230\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u91cd\u5efa\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u4ecd\u53ef\u89c1\u5230\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u628a\u5efa\u7b51\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0e\u77f3\u7840\u5e74\u4ee3\u7b49\u540c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6728\u67f1\u4e0e\u67f1\u7840\u5728\u5927\u5c0f\u53ca\u8f6e\u5ed3\u4e0a\u7684\u5339\u914d\u60c5\u51b5\u5feb\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u5efa\u9020\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u9898\u8bb0\u6216\u6837\u5f0f\u98ce\u683c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bba\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u798f\u5efa\u65e9\u671f\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6837\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

4.1 \u8986\u6597<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8986\u6597\u5927\u6982\u662f\u73b0\u5b58\u5b9e\u7269\u6700\u4e45\u8fdc\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u67f1\u7840\u6837\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u6c49\u4ee3\u7684\u5893\u846c\u4e2d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4e1c\u6c49\u521d\u5e74\u7684\u5b5d\u5802\u5c71\u90ed\u6c0f\u5893\u77f3\u7960\u6b63\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u6839\u516b\u89d2\u5f62\u77f3\u67f1\u5206\u7960\u5ba4\u4e3a\u4e24\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u6709\u680c\u6597\u3001\u4e0b\u6709\u67f1\u7840\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5f62\u72b6\u6837\u5f0f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u98a0\u5012\uff08\u56fe6\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2\u300b\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u5176\u4e0a\u65bd\u5927\u6597\u4e00\u679a\uff0c\u5176\u4e0b\u4ee5\u540c\u5f62\u4e4b\u6597\u8986\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7840\u3002\u201d[7]<\/mark><\/sup>\u56e0\u6b64\u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840\u4e0e\u680c\u6597\u4e00\u6837\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f62\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c0f\u4e0b\u5927\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0a\u90e8\u5185\u51f9\u7684\u201c\u6b39\u201d\u548c\u4e0b\u90e8\u7ad6\u76f4\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u201d\u4e24\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u798f\u5efa\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\uff0c\u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840\u81ea\u5b8b\u4ee3\u81f3\u6e05\u4ee3\u957f\u671f\u6cbf\u7528\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u6848\u4f8b\u540c\u6837\u89c1\u4e8e\u77f3\u6784\u5efa\u7b51\u3002\u6c38\u6cf0\u65b9\u5e7f\u5ca9\u89c2\u97f3\u5ca9\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u5b8b\u4ee3\u5c0f\u578b\u77f3\u4eff\u6728\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u56db\u6839\u65b9\u67f1\u7684\u67f1\u811a\u5747\u505a\u8986\u6597\u5f62\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u5408\u67f1\u4e0e\u7840\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\uff08\u56fe7\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u8fd8\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u5143\u81f3\u5143\u5df1\u536f\u5e74\u7684\u6c38\u6625\u767e\u4e08\u5ca9\u8865\u9640\u5c71\u89c2\u97f3\u4ead\uff08\u56fe8\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u800c\u5728\u6cbf\u6d77\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u95fd\u5357\u2014\u2014\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u77f3\u67f1\u7684\u67f1\u811a\u867d\u4e0d\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u666e\u904d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u65b9\u67f1\u62b9\u89d2\uff0c\u7531\u4e0a\u81f3\u4e0b\u81f3\u63a5\u8fd1\u5730\u9762\u65f6\u8fc7\u6e21\u4e3a\u76f4\u89d2\u81f3\u843d\u5730\uff0c\u7565\u6709\u51e0\u5206\u67f1\u3001\u7840\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002\u800c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0e\u6c49\u4ee3\u8986\u6597\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5076\u89c1\u4e8e\u660e\u6e05\u77f3\u6784\uff1a\u5982\u660e\u4e07\u5386\u7684\u6f33\u5e73\u51c0\u6167\u5ca9\uff0c\u77f3\u67f1\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u6597\u5982\u51fa\u4e00\u8f99\uff08\u56fe9\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\uff1b\u53c8\u5982\u6e05\u4ee3\u7684\u77f3\u82b1\u53f0\uff0c\u8fd8\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6b63\u6597\u4e0e\u8986\u6597\u7ec4\u5408\uff08\u56fe10\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6728\u6784\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u7684\u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840\u5219\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8e\u660e\u4ee3\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4e0e\u65b9\u67f1\u642d\u914d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u660e\u5f18\u6cbb\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u7684\u5c24\u6eaa\u9ec4\u6797\u5d07\u798f\u5bab\u548c\u660e\u672b\u7684\u5ef6\u5e73\u5ce1\u9633\u5927\u8859\u571f\u5e93\u5747\u6709\u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840\uff08\u56fe11\u300112\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u968f\u6728\u67f1\u7684\u62b9\u89d2\u800c\u62b9\u89d2\uff0c\u968f\u201c\u6b39\u201d\u90e8\u7684\u5185\u51f9\u66f2\u7ebf\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u67f1\u7840\u4e2d\u90e8\u4e3a\u76f4\u89d2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u5411\u5185\u6536\uff0c\u5e38\u5448\u73b0\u5916\u51f8\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3\u4e0e\u5706\u67f1\u7684\u201c\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u201d\u51e0\u65e0\u4e8c\u81f4\uff08\u56fe13\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe6 \u5b5d\u5802\u5c71\u90ed\u6c0f\u5893\u77f3\u7960\u6d4b\u7ed8\u7b80\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe7 \u6c38\u6cf0\u65b9\u5e7f\u5ca9\u89c2\u97f3\u5ca9\uff08\u5b8b\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe8 \u6c38\u6625\u767e\u4e08\u5ca9\u8865\u9640\u5c71\u89c2\u97f3\u4ead\uff08\u5143\u81f3\u5143\u5df1\u536f\u5e74\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe9 \u6f33\u5e73\u51c0\u6167\u5ca9\uff08\u660e\u4e07\u5386\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u56fe10 \u6e05\u4ee3\u77f3\u82b1\u53f0\u5b9e\u4f8b a \u6c38\u5b89\u6c11\u5c45\uff1bb \u6d66\u57ce\u6c11\u5c45\uff1bc \u90b5\u6b66\u6c11\u5c45<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe11 \u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u5c24\u6eaa\u9ec4\u6797\u5d07\u798f\u5bab\u6b63\u6bbf\uff08\u660e\u5f18\u6cbb\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u5ef6\u5e73\u5ce1\u9633\u5927\u8859\u571f\u5e93\uff08\u660e\u672b\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe12 \u5ef6\u5e73\u5ce1\u9633\u5927\u8859\u571f\u5e93\u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840\u5e73\u9762\u3001\u7acb\u9762\u6d4b\u7ed8\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe13 \u5178\u578b\u660e\u4ee3\u98ce\u683c\u8986\u6597\u67f1\u7840<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4.2 \u6acd\u5f62<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u7b49\u53e4\u7c4d\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u603b\u7ed3[8]\u3002\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u201c\u51e1\u9020\u67f1\u4e0b\u6acd\uff0c\u5f84\u5468\u5404\u51fa\u67f1\u4e09\u5206 \uff1b\u539a\u5341\u5206\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e09\u5206\u4e3a\u5e73\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e3a\u6b39 \uff1b\u4e0a\u5f84\u56db\u5468\u5404\u6740\u4e09\u5206\uff0c\u4ee4\u4e0e\u67f1\u8eab\u901a\u4e0a\u5300\u5e73\u201d\u3002\u5728\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u7684\u5927\u6728\u4f5c\u5236\u5ea6\u56fe\u6837\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u660e\u786e\u753b\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u67f1\u7929\u201d\u7684\u7acb\u9762\u56fe\uff08\u56fe14\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u8425\u9020\u5b66\u793e\u4f9d\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u53c3\u8003\u5716\u96c6\u00b7\u7b2c7\u96c6\u00b7\u67f1\u790e\u300b\uff081936\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff09\u4e2d\u7ed8\u5236\u4e86\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u56fe\u6837\uff08\u56fe15\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5b66\u754c\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u6acd\u548c\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6acd\u5f62\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u6b39\u201d\u90e8\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u5448\u5185\u51f9\u7684\u629b\u7269\u7ebf\u72b6\u3002\u5f20\u5341\u5e86\u6559\u6388\u5728\u300a\u82cf\u5dde\u7f57\u6c49\u9662\u5927\u6bbf\u590d\u539f\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5b8b\u521d\u7684\u7f57\u6c49\u9662\u5927\u6bbf\u8986\u76c6\u4e0a\u7684\u6acd\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u663e\u8457\u53d1\u8fbe\u2026\u2026\u6210\u4e3a\u6c5f\u5357\u540e\u4e16\u666e\u904d\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u7684\u5148\u58f0\u201d[9]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u66f4\u65e9\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u738b\u8d35\u7965\u6559\u6388\u5728\u534e\u6797\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4ea6\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u534e\u6797\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u67f1\u7840\u5730\u9762\u4ee5\u4e0a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b8b\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u67f1\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u6acd\u9020\u578b\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u4f3c\u65e0\u5148\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u4e16\u5357\u65b9\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u89c1\u2026\u2026\u201d[10]50<\/mark><\/sup>\uff08\u56fe16\u300117\uff09<\/mark><\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe14 \u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u67f1\u7929\u201d\u56fe\u6837<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe15\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u53c3\u8003\u5716\u96c6\u00b7\u7b2c7\u96c6\u00b7\u67f1\u790e\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u67f1\u7840\u56fe\u6837<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe16 \u534e\u6797\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u6728\u67f1\u6d4b\u7ed8\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe17 \u534e\u6797\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u7684\u6acd\u5f62\u7840<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u201c\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u201d\u53ef\u8c13\u798f\u5efa\u65e9\u671f\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7279\u8272\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u89c1\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u51fa\u81ea\u5510\u5929\u590d\u5143\u5e74\u59cb\u5efa\u7684\u798f\u5dde\u9f99\u745e\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u53f0\u57fa\u675f\u8170\u4e0a\u7684\u6d6e\u96d5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5ea7\u5efa\u7b51\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u67f1\u811a\u653e\u5927\u4f5c\u6acd\u5f62\u7684\u5178\u578b\u505a\u6cd5\uff08\u56fe18\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u798f\u5efa\u5b8b\u5143\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5706\u5f62\u3001\u74dc\u695e\u5f62\u77f3\u67f1\uff0c\u4e0e\u65b9\u77f3\u67f1\u5e95\u90e8\u4f5c\u8986\u6597\u5f62\u9887\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c1\uff09<\/mark><\/sup>\uff08\u56fe19\u300120\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u5c11\u6570\u6848\u4f8b\u5728\u653e\u5927\u7684\u67f1\u811a\u4e4b\u4e0b\u518d\u57ab\u4ee5\u8986\u76c6\uff0c\u66f4\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u67f1\u811a\u653e\u5927\u4e0e\u6acd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6e0a\u6e90\uff08\u56fe21\u300122\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u5927\u7ea6\u4ece\u5357\u5b8b\u540e\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u67f1\u811a\u7684\u6acd\u5f62\u653e\u5927\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u77f3\u67f1\u76f4\u63a5\u843d\u4e8e\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u6216\u8986\u76c6\u7840\u4e0a[5]<\/mark><\/sup>\uff08\u56fe23\u300124\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u5728\u6728\u6784\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\uff0c\u5143\u4ee3\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5373\u4e0a\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u6b39\u201d\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e0b\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u201d\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0b\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u201d\u63a5\u8fd1\u5782\u76f4\u4e8e\u5730\u9762\uff08\u56fe25\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u5143\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u4e0a\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a1:1\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4e0b\u90e8\u751a\u81f3\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e0a\u90e8\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0b\u90e8\u660e\u663e\u659c\u5411\u5185\u6536\u3001\u505a\u51fa\u5916\u51f8\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u68f1\u89d2\u66f4\u52a0\u5916\u6269\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u660e\u4e2d\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u5377\u7684\u5938\u5f20\u9020\u578b\uff08\u56fe26\u300127\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6837\u5f0f\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u660e\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u65ad\u4ee3\u4f9d\u636e[12]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe18 \u798f\u5dde\u9f99\u745e\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u53f0\u57fa\u675f\u8170\u6d6e\u96d5\u4e2d\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u5f62\u8c61<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe19 \u534e\u6797\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u4e0e\u6c49\u4ee3\u67f1\u7840\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe20 \u798f\u5efa\u5b8b\u4ee3\u77f3\u67f1\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u4ed9\u6e38\u65e0\u5c18\u5854\uff1bb \u957f\u4e50\u5723\u5bff\u5b9d\u5854\uff1bc \u798f\u6e05\u9f99\u5c71\u795d\u5723\u5b9d\u5854\uff1bd \u8386\u7530\u91ca\u8fe6\u6587\u4f5b\u5854<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe21 \u5b81\u5fb7\u5bab\u540e\u5784\u5bfa\u9057\u5740\uff08\u5b8b\u5143\u4e30\u56db\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe22 \u5b81\u5fb7\u5bab\u540e\u5784\u5bfa\u9057\u5740\u67f1\u7840\u7acb\u9762\u6d4b\u7ed8\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe23 \u5143\u4ee3\u77f3\u67f1\u67f1\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u6cc9\u5dde\u6e05\u6e90\u5c71\u5f25\u9640\u5ca9\uff08\u5143\u81f3\u6b63\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u77f3\u72ee\u516d\u80dc\u5854\uff08\u5143\u81f3\u5143\u4e8c\u5e74\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe24 \u6cc9\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u7eaa\u5e74\u77f3\u6784\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u7684\u77f3\u67f1\u548c\u67f1\u7840<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe25 \u65e9\u671f\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u7f57\u6e90\u9648\u592a\u5c09\u5bab\uff08\u4e0d\u665a\u4e8e\u5b8b\u5609\u7199\u4e09\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u8386\u7530\u9ec4\u77f3\u7075\u6148\u5e99\uff08\u5143\uff092\uff09<\/mark><\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe26 \u5143\u660e\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u6276\u6447\u4fe1\u4f51\u5802\uff08\u660e\u5929\u987a\u4e03\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u5b81\u5fb7\u6843\u82b1\u6eaa\u89c2\u97f3\u5802\uff08\u660e\u6210\u5316\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\uff09\uff1bc \u95fd\u4faf\u6797\u6625\u6cfd\u6545\u5c45\u5927\u95e8\uff08\u660e\u5609\u9756\uff09\uff1bd \u95fd\u4faf\u6797\u5e94\u4eae\u6545\u5c45\u5927\u95e8\uff08\u660e\u5609\u9756\uff09\uff1be \u798f\u5dde\u5f20\u7ecf\u6545\u5c45\u5927\u5385\uff08\u660e\u5609\u9756\uff09\uff1bf \u5b81\u5fb7\u864e\u8d1d\u4f1a\u9f99\u5bab\uff08\u4e0d\u665a\u4e8e\u660e\u9686\u5e86\uff09\uff1bg \u5ef6\u5e73\u5ce1\u9633\u5927\u8859\u571f\u5e93\uff08\u660e\u672b\uff09\uff1bh \u6c38\u6625\u798f\u9f0e\u9f99\u5174\u5ca9\uff1bi \u90b5\u6b66\u5b9d\u4e25\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\uff08\u4e0d\u665a\u4e8e\u660e\u5609\u9756\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe27 \u90e8\u5206\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6d4b\u7ed8\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4.3 \u8986\u76c6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8986\u76c6\u5373\u201c\u7840\u5f62\u5982\u76c6\u8986\u5730\u4e0a\u4e4b\u8c13\u201d[1]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002\u5b8b\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u201c\u77f3\u4f5c\u5236\u5ea6\u201d\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u82e5\u9020\u8986\u76c6\uff08\u94fa\u5730\u83b2\u534e\u540c\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u65b9\u4e00\u5c3a\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u9ad8\u4e00\u5bf8\uff1b\u6bcf\u8986\u76c6\u9ad8\u4e00\u5bf8\uff0c\u76c6\u5507\u539a\u4e00\u5206\u3002\u5982\u4ef0\u8986\u83b2\u534e\uff0c\u5176\u9ad8\u52a0\u8986\u76c6\u4e00\u500d\u3002\u201d\u5e76\u5728\u201c\u77f3\u4f5c\u5236\u5ea6\u56fe\u6837\u201d\u4e2d\u9644\u6709\u6d77\u77f3\u69b4\u534e\u3001\u9f99\u6c34\u3001\u5b9d\u83b2\u534e\u7b49\u516b\u79cd\u77f3\u96d5\u8986\u76c6\u67f1\u7840\u56fe\u6837\uff08\u56fe28\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u4ece\u56fe\u6837\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u6240\u8ff0\u8986\u76c6\u662f\u6307\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u67f1\u7840\u4e2d\u9732\u51fa\u5730\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5916\u8f6e\u5ed3\u5927\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5916\u51f8\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8986\u76c6\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u7ea6\u4e0d\u665a\u4e8e\u8986\u6597\u3002\u6c82\u5357\u5317\u5be8\u6c49\u5893[13]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3001\u4e1c\u6d77\u660c\u9ece\u6c34\u5e93\u6c49\u5893[13]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3001\u5434\u767d\u5e84\u6c49\u753b\u50cf\u77f3\u5893[14]<\/mark><\/sup>\u4e2d\u90fd\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u8986\u76c6\u67f1\u7840\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u5510\u5b8b\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u90fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6700\u901a\u884c\u7684\u67f1\u7840\u6837\u5f0f[1]<\/mark><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u798f\u5efa\u7684\u8986\u76c6\u67f1\u7840\uff0c\u5728\u5510\u81f3\u5317\u5b8b\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7b26\u5408\u5b8b\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\u77ee\u6241\u5e73\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u89c1\u9057\u5b58\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5b9d\u83b2\u534e\u3001\u94fa\u5730\u83b2\u534e\uff08\u4e0b\u6587\u7686\u79f0\u201c\u8986\u83b2\u201d\uff09\u548c\u7d20\u5e73\u4e09\u79cd\u6837\u5f0f\uff08\u56fe29\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u800c\u5230\u4e86\u5357\u5b8b\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84\u8f83\u67f1\u5f84\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u660e\u663e\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u66f2\u7ebf\u8d8b\u4e8e\u9661\u800c\u6025\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5148\u5916\u51f8\u540e\u5185\u51f8\u7684\u201cS\u201d\u5f62\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u66f2\u7ebf\uff08\u201c\u6b39\u201d\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0b\u53c8\u6709\u201c\u5e73\u201d\uff0c\u5448\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u6bb5\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u6bb5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e4b\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u57286:4\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff08\u56fe23b\u300130\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5143\u660e\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u5e95\u90e8\u5411\u5185\u6536\uff0c\u5373\u4e0b\u90e8\u201c\u5e73\u201d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u53c8\u590d\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6b39\u201d\uff0c\u67f1\u7840\u6574\u4f53\u9020\u578b\u6108\u53d1\u8d8b\u8fd1\u4e8e\u6acd\u5f62\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u660e\u6210\u5316\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u7684\u6d66\u57ce\u4e91\u5cf0\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\u548c\u660e\u5f18\u6cbb\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u7684\u5c24\u6eaa\u9ec4\u6797\u5d07\u798f\u5bab\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u7840\u7684\u5916\u51f8\u66f2\u7ebf\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u7f29\u5230\u6781\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u5185\u51f9\u66f2\u7ebf\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u8f6e\u5ed3\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u56fe31\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u7684\u5730\u4e0a\u548c\u5730\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u9010\u6e10\u5206\u79bb\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u77f3\u6784\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5230\u660e\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8986\u76c6\u7840\u4e0e\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u5728\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u5df2\u96be\u8fa8\u5f7c\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5076\u5c14\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c1\u5230\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u4e0e\u5730\u9762\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u78c9\u77f3\u4e3a\u4e00\u5757\u6574\u77f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u6848\u4f8b\u5728\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u7684\u4e0a\u6cbf\u523b\u51fa\u76c6\u5507\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u8986\u76c6\u4e0e\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u7684\u878d\u5408\u73b0\u8c61\u7531\u6765\u5df2\u4e45\uff08\u56fe32\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u7ea6\u5230\u4e86\u660e\u4ee3\u665a\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u7eaa\u5e74\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\uff0c\u6acd\u5f62\u7840\u548c\u8986\u76c6\u7840\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u9f13\u5f62\u67f1\u7840\u5f00\u59cb\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe28 \u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u6240\u7ed8\u7684\u516b\u79cd\u8986\u76c6\u67f1\u7840\u56fe\u6837<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe29 \u798f\u5efa\u65e9\u671f\u8986\u76c6\u67f1\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u957f\u4e50\u9f99\u6cc9\u5bfa\u9057\u5740\uff089\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1bb \u5b81\u5fb7\u5f25\u9640\u5bfa\u9057\u5740\uff08\u5510\u5929\u4f51\u5143\u5e74\uff09\uff1bc \u798f\u5dde\u9f13\u697c\u9057\u5740\uff08\u4e94\u4ee3\uff09\uff1bd \u8386\u7530\u5143\u5999\u89c2\u4e09\u6e05\u6bbf\uff08\u5317\u5b8b\u5927\u4e2d\u7965\u7b26\u516b\u5e74\uff09\uff1be \u6c38\u6cf0\u6559\u5fe0\u5bfa\u9057\u5740\uff08\u5317\u5b8b\u5d07\u5b81\u5143\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\uff1bf \u660e\u6eaa\u67cf\u4ea8\u987a\u61ff\u5bab\uff08\u5357\u5b8b\u5b9d\u5e86\u5e74\u95f4\uff094\uff09<\/mark><\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe30 \u5357\u5b8b\u81f3\u5143\u4ee3\u8986\u76c6\u67f1\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u6cc9\u5dde\u5f00\u5143\u5bfa\u9547\u56fd\u5854\uff08\u5357\u5b8b\u5609\u7199\u4e8c\u5e74\u81f3\u6df3\u4f51\u5341\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u8386\u7530\u6c38\u5174\u5ca9\u5bfa\uff08\u5143\u5143\u8d1e\u81f3\u660e\u6d2a\u6b66\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe31 \u660e\u4ee3\u8986\u76c6\u67f1\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u6d66\u57ce\u4e91\u5cf0\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf\uff08\u660e\u6210\u5316\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u5c24\u6eaa\u9ec4\u6797\u5d07\u798f\u5bab\u6b63\u6bbf\uff08\u660e\u5f18\u6cbb\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff09\uff1bc \u6f33\u5e73\u9f99\u89c1\u5bab\uff08\u660e\u6210\u5316\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff09\uff1bd \u6f33\u5dde\u5e9c\u6587\u5e99\u5927\u6210\u6bbf\uff08\u660e\u6210\u5316\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe32 a \u6c38\u6cf0\u6559\u5fe0\u5bfa\u9057\u5740\uff1bb \u6d66\u57ce\u8f6e\u85cf\u5bfa\u9057\u5740\uff1b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4.4 \u9f13\u5f62<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u9f13\u5f62\u67f1\u7840\u4ece\u65e9\u5e74\u7684\u5076\u89c1\uff0c\u81f3\u660e\u672b\u6e05\u521d\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\u6837\u5f0f\u3002\u9f13\u5f62\u67f1\u7840\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u5927\u9f13\u7684\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5bf9\u79f0\u3001\u4e2d\u90e8\u5916\u51f8\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9f13\u5f62\u67f1\u7840\u90fd\u4e3a\u7d20\u9762\uff0c\u8f83\u8bb2\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6cbf\u6d6e\u96d5\u9f13\u9489\u548c\u6885\u82b1\uff0c\u4e2a\u522b\u5728\u4e2d\u90e8\u65bd\u4ee5\u6d6e\u96d5\u56fe\u6848\uff08\u56fe33\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002\u5230\u6e05\u4e7e\u9686\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u9f13\u5f62\u67f1\u7840\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5927\u4e0b\u5c0f\u4e2d\u95f4\u9f13\u7684\u94b5\u5f62\uff0c\u4e14\u9010\u6e10\u4ece\u9ad8\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe33 \u9f13\u5f62\u67f1\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u5174\u5316\u5e9c\u57ce\u968d\u5e99\u4eea\u95e8\uff08\u660e\u5929\u542f\u56db\u5e74\uff09\uff1bb \u8386\u7530\u5f6d\u9e4f\u6545\u5c45\uff08\u6e05\u5eb7\u7199\uff09\uff1bc \u95fd\u4faf\u90ce\u5b98\u5927\u738b\u5e99\uff08\u660e\u5d07\u796f\u4e03\u5e74\uff09\uff1bd \u957f\u6cf0\u697c\u4ed4\u539d\uff08\u6e05\u5eb7\u7199\uff09\uff1be \u6c88\u8446\u6862\u6545\u5c45\uff08\u660e\u5929\u542f\uff09\uff1bf \u7f57\u6e90\u6c11\u5c45<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4.5 \u67f1\u5f62<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u67f1\u5f62\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7b49\u5927\u7684\u957f\u65b9\u4f53\u6216\u5706\u67f1\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u67f1\u7840\u6837\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u5730\u57df\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u7528\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u6b21\u8981\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u6216\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u522b\u7684\u662f\u5728\u6cc9\u5dde\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u7b49\u7ea7\u6c11\u5c45\u5728\u5185\u7684\u591a\u6570\u5efa\u7b51\u90fd\u666e\u904d\u7528\u67f1\u5f62\u7840\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u660e\u95f4\u6a90\u67f1\u6216\u5c4f\u67f1\u5c11\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u516b\u89d2\u5f62\u7840\uff08\u56fe34\uff09<\/mark><\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe34 \u6cc9\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u67f1\u5f62\u67f1\u7840\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aa \u5e84\u7528\u5bbe\u6545\u5c45\uff08\u660e\uff09\uff1b\u5b89\u6eaa\u6e56\u5934\u95ee\u623f\u5927\u539d\uff08\u660e\u672b\u6e05\u521d\uff09\uff1bc \u84dd\u5ef7\u73cd\u5e9c\u7b2c\uff08\u6e05\u5eb7\u7199\uff09\uff1bd \u5357\u5b89\u4e2d\u5baa\u7b2c\uff08\u6e05\u96cd\u6b63\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

5 \u67f1\u7840\u6837\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7b49\u7b2c\u5173\u7cfb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe35 \u5efa\u74ef\u9ec4\u6751\u6c38\u798f\u5802\u897f\u6735\u6bbf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe36 \u5efa\u74ef\u90d1\u9b4f\u6751\u7684\u798f\u4e3b\u5e99<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a>
\u56fe37 \u90e8\u5206\u798f\u5efa\u65e9\u671f\u5e99\u5b87\u5e73\u9762\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
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6 \u67f1\u7840\u5206\u5e03\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7279\u5f81<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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7 \u7ed3\u8bed\u53ca\u4f59\u8bba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\u91ca<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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2\uff09\u636e\u300a\u8386\u7530\u9ec4\u77f3\u7075\u6148\u5e99\u521d\u63a2\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u6b63\u6bbf\u4e3a\u5916\u5c55\u5b64\u63a5\u5782\u76f4\u7ebf\u5f62\u77f3\u67f1\u7840\uff0c\u5e94\u662f\u5143\u4ee3\u65e7\u6709\u6784\u4ef6\u3002\u201d\u8be6\u89c1\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[11]\u3002
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4\uff09\u73b0\u5b58\u6728\u6784\u4e3a\u660e\u4ee3\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5efa\u7b51\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5730\u53f0\u57fa\u4fdd\u5b58\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u67f1\u7840\u5e94\u4e3a\u5b8b\u4ee3\u59cb\u5efa\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u9057\u5b58\u3002
5\uff09\u672c\u8868\u4e2d\u201c\u5e73\u9762\u5e74\u4ee3\u201d\u6307\u53ef\u8003\u8bc1\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5f53\u67f1\u7840\u4e0e\u6728\u6784\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u786e\u5b9a\u5e73\u9762\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5219\u586b\u5199\u5f53\u524d\u6728\u6784\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002
6\uff09\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u8bb0\u8f7d\u539f\u4e3a\u5fe0\u5c71\u4e61\u8d24\u7f57\u6d69\u7136\u4e8e\u5143\u81f3\u6b63\u5e74\u95f4\u51fa\u8d44\u5174\u5efa\u3002\u73b0\u5b5820\u5904\u65e9\u671f\u67f1\u7840\u53ca4\u6839\u77f3\u8d28\u68ad\u67f1\u3002\u5efa\u7b51\u6728\u6784\u4e3a\u6e05\u4ee3\u3002
7\uff09\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u67f1\u7840\u4e0a\u6709\u9898\u8bb0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u660e\u95f4\u53f3\u524d\u91d1\u67f1\u67f1\u7840\u4e0a\u9898\uff1a\u201c\u9673\u6709\u7530\u559c\u6368\u67f1\u780b\u4e00\u96bb\u62a5\u7b54\u7236\u6bcd\u751f\u5929\u754c\u5929\u9806\u4e03\u5e74\u7678\u672a\u5409\u201d\u3002\u5efa\u7b51\u6728\u6784\u4e3a\u6e05\u4ee3\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u56fe1e\u3002
8\uff09\u5927\u6bbf\u4e2d\u67099\u5904\u67f1\u7840\u6709\u9898\u8bb0\uff0c\u6ce8\u660e\u6350\u6368\u4eba\u3001\u6350\u6368\u5185\u5bb9\u53ca\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\uff0c\u7eaa\u5e74\u5747\u4e3a\u660e\u6210\u5316\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u3002\u8be6\u89c1\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[16]\u3002
9\uff09\u5728\u8fd1\u5e74\u4fee\u7f2e\u4e2d\u4e24\u6839\u540e\u91d1\u67f1\u88ab\u66f4\u6362\u4e3a\u9ad8\u9f13\u5f62\u77f3\u7840\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u6309\u7167\u539f\u72b6\u8868\u8fbe\u3002
10\uff09\u9f13\u5f62\u77f3\u7840\u5916\u89c2\u8f83\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u66f4\u6362\u3002
11\uff09\u73b0\u72b6\u660e\u95f4\u53f3\u540e\u5916\u67f1\u4e3a\u7f3a\u635f\u7684\u7d20\u9762\u8986\u76c6\u77f3\u7840\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u5b8b\u4ee3\u9057\u5b58\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u672a\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

[1] \u6881\u601d\u6210\u7f16. \u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53c2\u8003\u56fe\u96c6 \u7b2c 7 \u96c6 \u67f1\u7840[M]. \u4e2d\u56fd\u8425\u9020\u5b66\u793e, 1936.
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[3] \u9648\u4e39,\u7a0b\u5efa\u519b.\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5efa\u7b51\u67f1\u7840\u540d\u79f0\u8fa8\u6790(\u4e0b)[J].\u53e4\u5efa\u56ed\u6797\u6280\u672f,2016,(01):5-9.
[4] \u9648\u4e39.\u5e7f\u5e9c\u4f20\u7edf\u5efa\u7b51\u67f1\u7840\u7814\u7a76[D].\u534e\u5357\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66,2017.
[5] \u6881\u6e90.\u798f\u5efa\u6cc9\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u7eaa\u5e74\u77f3\u6784\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u5f62\u5236\u7279\u5f81\u53ca\u6f14\u53d8[J].\u798f\u5efa\u6587\u535a,2020,(01):57-68.
[6] \u7f57\u54f2\u6587.\u5b5d\u5802\u5c71\u90ed\u6c0f\u5893\u77f3\u7960[J].\u6587\u7269,1961,(Z1):44-55+117.
[7] \u6881\u601d\u6210\u8457. \u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2[M]. \u5929\u6d25\uff1a\u767e\u82b1\u6587\u827a\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 1998.02:61.
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[9] \u5f20\u5341\u5e86.\u82cf\u5dde\u7f57\u6c49\u9662\u5927\u6bbf\u590d\u539f\u7814\u7a76[J].\u6587\u7269,2014,(08):81-96+1.DOI:10.13619\/j.cnki.cn11-1532\/k.2014.08.012.
[10] \u738b\u8d35\u7965\u8457. \u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2\u5bb6\u5341\u4e66 \u738b\u8d35\u7965\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2\u8bba\u6587\u96c6[M]. \u6c88\u9633\uff1a\u8fbd\u5b81\u7f8e\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2013.04.
[11] \u8c22\u9e3f\u6743,\u5218\u4e00\u5e06.\u8386\u7530\u9ec4\u77f3\u7075\u6148\u5e99\u521d\u63a2[J].\u53e4\u5efa\u56ed\u6797\u6280\u672f,2010,(02):52-56+86.
[12] \u962e\u7ae0\u9b41\u7f16. \u798f\u5dde\u6c11\u5c45\u8425\u5efa\u6280\u672f[M]. \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2016.05:57.
[13] \u5f20\u660e\u7693,\u5f20\u5b50\u591c,\u674e\u6c40\u73c5,\u7b49.\u89e3\u8bfb\u6c49\u753b\u50cf\u77f3\u5893\u4e2d\u7684\u900f\u96d5\u9f99\u7eb9\u6597\u6831\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u6c82\u5357\u5317\u5be8\u6c49\u5893\u4e3a\u4f8b[J].\u88c5\u9970,2023,(03):66-71.DOI:10.16272\/j.cnki.cn11-1392\/j.2023.03.011.
[14] \u5f20\u6b23\u851a.\u5434\u767d\u5e84\u6c49\u753b\u50cf\u77f3\u7684\u9020\u578b\u7814\u7a76[D].\u5c71\u4e1c\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u9662,2017.
[15] \u697c\u5efa\u9f99,\u738b\u76ca\u6c11.\u798f\u5efa\u987a\u660c\u5b9d\u5c71\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf[J].\u6587\u7269,2009,(09):65-72.
[16] \u697c\u5efa\u9f99,\u9648\u5efa\u4e91.\u798f\u5efa\u6d66\u57ce\u4e91\u5cf0\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf[J].\u6587\u7269,2014,(02):87-96+1.DOI:10.13619\/j.cnki.cn11-1532\/k.2014.02.009.
[17] \u5ed6\u7ffc\u6069.\u5c24\u6eaa\u53bf\u5d07\u798f\u5bab\u5efa\u7b51\u7a7a\u95f4\u521d\u63a2[J].\u798f\u5efa\u6587\u535a,2021,(04):77-81.
[18] \u4e01\u4f2f\u4eea.\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u50cf\u8bbe\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0e\u5efa\u9020\uff1a10-14\u4e16\u7eaa\u6c5f\u5357\u5730\u533a\u5355\u6a90\u6728\u6784\u540e\u671f\u589e\u8bbe\u4e0b\u6a90\u73b0\u8c61\u7814\u7a76[D].\u4e1c\u5357\u5927\u5b66,2020.DOI:10.27014\/d.cnki.gdnau.2020.004329.
[19] \u5f20\u5341\u5e86\u4e3b\u7f16. \u5b81\u6ce2\u4fdd\u56fd\u5bfa\u5927\u6bbf \u52d8\u6d4b\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76[M]. \u5357\u4eac\uff1a\u4e1c\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2012.12:85-86.
[20] \u4e01\u4f2f\u4eea.\u6c5f\u5357\u4e95\u5b57\u578b\u5385\u5802\u6784\u67b6\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u4e0e\u6539\u53d8\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u95fd\u5317\u4e00\u7ec4\u660e\u6e05\u6728\u6784\u4e3a\u4f8b[J].\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0e\u6587\u5316,2020,(03):222-223.
[21] \u9c8d\u73ae.\u53e4\u5efa\u7b51\u67f1\u7840\u8003\u7565[C]\/\/\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u5efa\u7b51\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a.\u4e2d\u56fd\u8425\u9020\u5b66\u793e\u5efa\u793e80\u5468\u5e74\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6d3b\u52a8\u66a8\u8425\u9020\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0e\u66f4\u65b0\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u575b\u4f1a\u520a.\u6cb3\u5357\u53e4\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u4fdd\u62a4\u7814\u7a76\u6240;,2009:85-102.
[22] \u5e38\u4e9a\u5e73,\u90d1\u5e86\u6625.\u53e4\u5efa\u7b51\u67f1\u7840\u77f3\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u4e0e\u5206\u671f\u7279\u70b9[J].\u53e4\u5efa\u56ed\u6797\u6280\u672f,2008,(01):26-29+15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56fe\u8868\u6765\u6e90<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u56fe1a\uff1a\u4e7e\u9686\u300a\u798f\u5efa\u901a\u5fd7\u300b\uff0c\u5377\u4e09
\u56fe1d\uff1a\u6797\u5bd2\u751f.\u798f\u5dde\u8bdd\u6587\u767d\u5f02\u8bfb\u63a2\u8ba8[J].\u53a6\u95e8\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5(\u54f2\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7248),1985,(01):134-143+133.
\u56fe6\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[6]
\u56fe14\uff1a\u6545\u5bab\u535a\u7269\u9662\u85cf\u6e05\u521d\u5f71\u5b8b\u949e\u672c\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u5377\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u00b7\u5927\u6728\u4f5c\u5236\u5ea6\u56fe\u6837\u4e0a\u00b7\u6831\u6793\u7b49\u5377\u6740
\u56fe15\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[1]
\u56fe16\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[10]24
\u56fe19\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[10]51
\u56fe24\uff1a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[5]
\u56fe28\uff1a\u6545\u5bab\u535a\u7269\u9662\u85cf\u6e05\u521d\u5f71\u5b8b\u949e\u672c\u300a\u8425\u9020\u6cd5\u5f0f\u300b\u5377\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u00b7\u77f3\u4f5c\u5236\u5ea6\u56fe\u6837\u00b7\u67f1\u7840\u89d2\u77f3\u7b49
\u56fe37b\uff1a\u4e34\u6479\u5e76\u6539\u7ed8\u81ea\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[15]
\u56fe37d\uff1a\u4e34\u6479\u5e76\u6539\u7ed8\u81ea\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[16]
\u56fe37f\uff1a\u4e34\u6479\u5e76\u6539\u7ed8\u81ea\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[17]
\u56fe37i\uff1a\u4e34\u6479\u5e76\u6539\u7ed8\u81ea\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[18]
\u5176\u4f59\u56fe\u8868\u5747\u4e3a\u4f5c\u8005\u81ea\u6444\u3001\u81ea\u7ed8<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1 \u5f15\u8a00 \u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d\uff0c\u67f1\u7840\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6784\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u4f20\u9012\u8377\u8f7d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u5236\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4ea6\u5177 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5066,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","blog-blocks-layout","blog-style-imgblock","blog-blocks-greyscale","blog-alt-odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5084"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5108,"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5084\/revisions\/5108"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/izanbu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}